# Male breast cancer following complete remission of acute myeloid leukemia: A case report and literature review

## TL;DR

A 51-year-old man developed male breast cancer after being in remission from acute myeloid leukemia, offering new insights into rare cancer cases.

## Contribution

This is the first documented case of male breast cancer following complete remission of acute myeloid leukemia.

## Key findings

- The patient achieved favorable outcomes with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, and endocrine therapy.
- The case suggests a potential link between prior chemotherapy for AML and somatic gene mutations leading to breast cancer.
- This case highlights the need for long-term monitoring of cancer survivors for secondary malignancies.

## Abstract

Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare clinical entity. The concurrent development of MBC and leukemia is particularly rare.

A 51-year-old male patient developed MBC following a 1-year complete remission of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The patient underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, followed by surgical resection and adjuvant radiotherapy, and is currently receiving endocrine therapy with tamoxifen (10 mg twice daily, orally), with favorable outcomes observed during recent follow-up evaluations.

MBC is predominantly diagnosed as locally advanced disease. Reported cases include MBC following acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and therapy-related AML post-chemotherapy for female breast cancer, whereas our case exhibits novel distinctions compared to prior reports.

This case report describes the first documented occurrence of MBC in a patient who achieved complete remission from AML, offering valuable insights for the clinical management of analogous cases in the future.

•This case report describes the first documented occurrence of male breast cancer (MBC) in a patient who achieved complete remission from acute myeloid leukemia (AML).•The findings offer valuable insights for the clinical management of analogous cases in the future.•We hypothesize that the series of chemotherapy regimens administered for this patient's AML treatment may have induced somatic gene mutations.

This case report describes the first documented occurrence of male breast cancer (MBC) in a patient who achieved complete remission from acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

The findings offer valuable insights for the clinical management of analogous cases in the future.

We hypothesize that the series of chemotherapy regimens administered for this patient's AML treatment may have induced somatic gene mutations.