# The effects of an integrated training program on jump performance and knee valgus in youth football players: a randomised controlled group study

## TL;DR

This study shows that adding stretching, strength, and plyometric exercises to regular training improves jump performance and reduces knee valgus in young football players.

## Contribution

The novel contribution is demonstrating that an integrated training program significantly enhances jump performance and reduces knee valgus angles more effectively than standard training.

## Key findings

- The experimental group showed significantly greater improvements in jump performance compared to the control group.
- The experimental group experienced more pronounced reductions in knee valgus angles.
- Both groups improved, but the integrated training program was more effective overall.

## Abstract

This study aimed to examine the effects of stretching, strength, and plyometric exercise programs, implemented in addition to regular training, on jumping performance and knee valgus angles in football players.

Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental or a control group. The experimental group engaged in an eight-week program that included stretching, strength, and plyometric exercises, while the control group continued their standard training regimen. Jumping performance variables, including Countermovement Jump (CMJ), Free CMJ, Drop Jump (DJ), Squat Jump (SJ), Horizontal Jump, and right and left knee valgus angles, were assessed at three different time points. Demographic characteristics were measured using a scale and meter, and the “My Jump 2” application was used for jump tests and knee valgus evaluations. Data were analyzed using SPSS 27. Repeated Measures ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc comparisons was employed to analyze within-group changes, while Independent Samples T-tests were used to assess between-group differences.

Both groups demonstrated increased jumping performance following the intervention; however, the experimental group showed significantly greater increases across all jump parameters. Furthermore, while reductions in right and left knee valgus angles were observed in both groups, these reductions were more pronounced in the experimental group.

The findings indicate that supplementing regular training with stretching, strength, and plyometric exercises significantly enhances jumping performance and more effectively reduces knee valgus angles in football players. These results suggest that such complementary training programs can play a critical role in improving athletic performance and reducing injury risk.

The randomized controlled trial was registered on 06 June 2025 at ClinicalTrials.gov, under the registration number NCT07009041.