# The prognosis of pain and function in people with hand and thumb base osteoarthritis: a systematic review

## TL;DR

This study reviews how hand and thumb osteoarthritis affects pain and function over time and identifies factors that predict worsening symptoms.

## Contribution

A systematic review of longitudinal studies to identify prognostic factors for pain and function in hand osteoarthritis.

## Key findings

- Over 10 years, hand function and grip strength tend to deteriorate while pain changes little on average.
- Baseline pain and diabetes are moderately associated with worsening function and pain.
- Individual variation in symptom progression is evident, with limited evidence for other prognostic factors.

## Abstract

This systematic review has summarized evidence regarding the course of hand pain, hand function, and prognostic factors that predict changes in symptoms in people with hand and thumb base osteoarthritis .

A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted for longitudinal studies on hand osteoarthritis. Two reviewers assessed eligibility quality appraisal, and extracted data on pain, function and prognostic factors. A narrative synthesis was undertaken, and the strength of the evidence was appraised using a modified Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations approach.

Of 9523 articles identified, 24 papers with 8,496 patients met the inclusion criteria. Twelve studies reported on the course of hand pain and 13 on hand function. 25–29% of participants reported worsening pain and 23–59% a deterioration in hand function over 10 years. There is moderate evidence that, on average, function and grip strength deteriorate over time with minimal changes in average hand pain. Twelve studies assessed the prognostic factors for hand OA. Moderate evidence suggests baseline pain and diabetes are associated with changes in hand function and pain;. lower quality evidence for other health and psychological factors.

Over 10 years, there is, little change in hand pain, but some deterioration in hand function. Deterioration in hand pain and function is associated with diabetes and higher baseline pain severity. Further research is very likely to improve our understanding of prognostic factors for symptomatic progression in hand OA.

Changes over time in hand pain experienced by patients with hand and thumb base OA are, on average, small; grip strength and hand function deteriorate increasingly over time.There is evidence of individual variation in the course of hand pain and function in people with hand and thumb base OA.Perceived hand pain at baseline and diabetes have a moderate level of evidence as prognostic factors that may indicate deteriorating function and pain (respectively), whereas other factors only have low or very low levels of evidence to support them.

Changes over time in hand pain experienced by patients with hand and thumb base OA are, on average, small; grip strength and hand function deteriorate increasingly over time.

There is evidence of individual variation in the course of hand pain and function in people with hand and thumb base OA.

Perceived hand pain at baseline and diabetes have a moderate level of evidence as prognostic factors that may indicate deteriorating function and pain (respectively), whereas other factors only have low or very low levels of evidence to support them.