Application of Food Waste in Biodegradable Composites: An Ecological Alternative in Tribology
Łukasz Wojciechowski, Zuzanna Sydow, Karol Bula, Tomasz Runka
TL;DR
This paper explores using food waste in biodegradable composites to reduce friction and wear in mechanical applications.
Contribution
The study introduces food waste materials as fillers in biodegradable composites for tribological performance improvement.
Findings
Cherry and plum stone fillers reduced friction in polypropylene and polylactic acid composites.
Flaxseed pomace had inconsistent effects on tribological performance.
Friction reduction was most significant at low concentrations and small particle sizes in polylactic acid.
Abstract
Biodegradable composite materials enhanced with food waste for tribological applications are proposed in this article. Polymer materials used as matrices included polypropylene and polylactic acid, which, according to the manufacturers’ claims, were made entirely or partially from biodegradable raw materials. Additionally, the matrices were enhanced with three types of waste materials: powders derived from cherry and plum stones, and pomace extracted from flax seeds. The composites differed in the percentage content of filler (15 or 25 wt.%) and particle size (d < 400 µm or d > 400 µm). Thirty-minute block-on-ring friction tests were performed to determine frictional behaviour (when pairing with steel), and the wear mechanisms were analysed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, supplemented with Raman spectroscopy. A notable effect of cherry and plum stone fillers…
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Taxonomy
TopicsTribology and Wear Analysis · Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites · biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties