Electroactive Poly(amic acid) Films Grafted with Pendant Aniline Tetramer for Hydrogen Sulfide Gas Sensing Applications

TL;DR

This paper presents a new sensor material that detects hydrogen sulfide gas with high sensitivity and selectivity, suitable for industrial and environmental safety.

Contribution

The novel contribution is grafting aniline tetramer onto poly(amic acid) to create a highly sensitive and selective H2S gas sensor.

Findings

EPAA3 (3 wt% PEDA) achieved a 591% response to 10 ppm H2S with a 108 s response time.

EPAA3 showed selectivity over common gases like SO2, NO2, NH3, and CO by factors of five to twelve.

EPAA3 retained over 80% performance after 16 days, with 7.4% relative standard deviation over five cycles.

Abstract

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a highly toxic and corrosive gas generated in numerous industrial and environmental processes; rapid, sensitive detection at low ppm levels is therefore crucial for ensuring occupational safety and protecting public health. This work explores the effect of grafting various loadings of pendant aniline tetramer pendants (PEDA) onto electroactive poly(amic acid) (EPAA) films and evaluates their performance as H2S gas sensors. Comprehensive characterization including ion trap mass spectrometry (Ion trap MS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and four-probe conductivity measurements, confirmed successful PEDA incorporation and revealed enhanced electrical conductivity with increasing PEDA content. Gas sensing tests revealed that EPAA3 (3 wt% PEDA) achieved the best overall performance toward 10 ppm H2S, producing a 591% response with a rapid 108 s response time. Selectivity studies showed that the response of EPAA3 to H2S exceeded those for SO2, NO2, NH3, and CO by factors of five to twelve, underscoring its excellent discrimination against common interferents. Repeatability tests over five successive cycles gave a relative standard deviation of just 7.4% for EPAA3, and long-term stability measurements over 16 days in ambient air demonstrated that EPAA3 retained over 80%. These findings establish that PEDA-grafted PAA films combine the processability of poly(amic acid) with the sharp, reversible redox behavior of pendant aniline tetramers, delivering reproducible, selective, and stable H2S sensing. EPAA3, in particular, represents a balanced composition that maximizes sensitivity and durability, offering a promising platform for practical environmental monitoring and industrial safety applications.

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