# Primary Evaluation of Three-Dimensional Printing-Guided Endodontics in the Dog Maxillary

## TL;DR

This study evaluates how 3D printing can guide precise root canal treatments in dogs' maxillary teeth, showing improved accuracy over traditional methods.

## Contribution

The study introduces a 3D printing-guided approach for endodontics in the maxilla of Beagle dogs, focusing on complex multi-rooted teeth.

## Key findings

- 3D printing-guided endodontics showed minimal deviation in length (3.08 ± 1.75%) compared to conventional methods.
- Angular alignment deviations averaged 2.06° ± 0.5°, indicating high precision in guided treatments.
- The method is a promising alternative for treating complex dental conditions in veterinary dentistry.

## Abstract

Our previous research demonstrated that 3D printing in guided endodontics provides accurate positioning, direction, and length in the mandible region of dogs. However, it may have relative errors in some special teeth, particularly in the case of teeth with multi-roots. This study presents an advanced approach to veterinary endodontic treatments in the maxilla of Beagle dogs, particularly regarding the three-rooted fourth premolar. This study highlights the potential of 3D printing-guided endodontics to improve the precision and success rate of root canal treatments in veterinary dentistry. Limitations include breed-specific anatomical variations and the need for further clinical validation.

This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of 3D printing-guided endodontics in the maxillary teeth of dogs. CT data from a Beagle dog were processed to create a 3D model of the maxilla, and virtual root canal pathways were established using SOLIDWORKS software (version 29.0.0.5028). Guided endodontic templates were 3D printed and tested in vitro on 20 maxillary teeth (excluding the third molars), with 36 root canals treated using both guided and conventional methods. Results indicated that 3D printing-guided endodontics provided accurate root canal pathways, with minimal deviations in length (average 3.08 ± 1.75%) and angular alignment (average 2.06° ± 0.5°) compared to conventional methods. This research represents a significant step forward in the application of 3D printing technology in veterinary endodontics, offering a promising alternative to traditional methods for treating complex dental conditions in dogs.