Infertility as a Rare Manifestation of Pituitary Involvement in Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis: A Case Report

TL;DR

A rare case of a rare autoimmune disease presented with infertility due to pituitary dysfunction, along with lung and systemic symptoms.

Contribution

Reports a rare presentation of granulomatosis with polyangiitis as infertility due to pituitary involvement.

Findings

Pituitary dysfunction in granulomatosis with polyangiitis can manifest as infertility.

The case involved pulmonary and systemic symptoms alongside pituitary issues.

Pituitary involvement can occur at any stage of the disease, including as the initial sign.

Abstract

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis is a rare autoimmune disease that affects small-sized blood vessels. It most commonly involves the lungs, kidneys, and the areas around the nose and throat, but can also affect other organs, including the nervous system. Enlargement of the pituitary gland may cause a mass effect, and pituitary dysfunction can occur. Among pituitary hormone abnormalities, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is more common than other hormonal deficiencies. Pituitary involvement may arise at any stage of the disease, sometimes even as the initial presentation. We report a rare case of granulomatosis with polyangiitis with pituitary dysfunction presenting as infertility, along with pulmonary and systemic manifestations.

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