# Impact of Calcium and Potassium Currents on Spiral Wave Dynamics in the LR1 Model

## TL;DR

This paper explores how changes in calcium and potassium currents affect spiral wave behavior in heart tissue, which could lead to better treatments for arrhythmias.

## Contribution

The study reveals how modulating ion channel gate variables influences spiral wave dynamics and arrhythmia risk.

## Key findings

- Reducing gate variables accelerates wave propagation and induces dynamic instability.
- Altered action potential morphology suggests increased arrhythmogenic potential.
- Findings provide insights into ionic mechanisms behind spiral wave breakup.

## Abstract

Spiral wave dynamics in cardiac tissue are critically implicated in the pathogenesis of arrhythmias. This study investigates the effects of modulating calcium and potassium currents on spiral wave stability in a two-dimensional cardiac model. The gate variable that dynamically regulates the opening probability of ion channels also plays a significant role in the control of the spiral wave dynamics. We demonstrate that reducing gate variables accelerates wave propagation, thins spiral arms, and shortens action potential duration, ultimately inducing dynamic instability. Irregular electrocardiogram (ECG) patterns and altered action potential morphology further suggest an enhanced arrhythmogenic potential. These findings elucidate the ionic mechanisms underlying spiral wave breakup, providing both theoretical insights and practical implications for the development of targeted arrhythmia treatments.