# Argan Callus Extract Restores Skin Cells via AMPK-Dependent Regulation of Energy Metabolism, Autophagy, and Inflammatory Pathways

## TL;DR

Argan callus extract helps restore skin cell function by reducing aging signs and supporting stem cells through energy and inflammation regulation.

## Contribution

The study reveals the novel mechanism of argan callus extract in restoring skin cell health via AMPK-dependent pathways.

## Key findings

- PC treatment reduced cellular senescence and oxidative stress in fibroblasts and stem cells.
- PC enhanced ATP production, autophagy, and preserved stemness markers in skin-derived precursor cells.
- PC showed antioxidant and anti-aging properties by inhibiting elastase and reducing inflammation.

## Abstract

Skin aging is driven by cellular senescence, oxidative stress, and diminished regenerative capacity. In this study, we investigated the effects of PhytoCellTec™ Argan, an argan callus extract (PC), on primary human fibroblasts and adult stem cells. PC treatment (0.1% and 0.5%) significantly enhanced fibroblast proliferation, reduced senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, and decreased the expression of p16, p21, and phosphorylated NFκB. PC treatment lowered intracellular ROS levels, increased ATP production, and promoted autophagy via LC3B-II accumulation and p62 reduction. In skin-derived precursor cells (SKPs), as well as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), PC treatment improved spheroid formation and growth while preserving the expression of key stemness markers, including Sox2, Oct4, and Nestin. Furthermore, PC exhibited antioxidant capacity (TEAC assay) and inhibited elastase, supporting its anti-aging potential. These findings suggest that PC is safe at concentrations below 1% and may serve as an effective natural compound to restore cellular homeostasis, reduce senescence and inflammation, and support stem cell health during aging.