# Positive Effects of Lycopene on Growth Performance, Hepatic Antioxidant Capacity, Intestinal Morphology, and Cecal Microflora of Yellow-Feather Broilers

## TL;DR

Lycopene improves growth, liver antioxidants, gut structure, and good gut bacteria in yellow-feather broilers.

## Contribution

Lycopene's specific benefits on hepatic antioxidant capacity and cecal microflora in broilers are newly demonstrated.

## Key findings

- Lycopene increased average daily gain by over 14% in yellow-feather broilers.
- Lycopene enhanced hepatic antioxidant capacity and modulated cecal microflora by increasing beneficial species.
- Lycopene improved intestinal morphology by increasing villus height and decreasing the villus-to-crypt ratio.

## Abstract

Recently, plant extracts have been confirmed to effectively inhibit diseases in poultry production, especially with the prohibition of antibiotics. Plant-derived compounds have also been shown to improve the growth performance of broilers owing to their biological functions. We suspected that the lycopene, treated as one of the most potent antioxidants, may beneficially contribute to the broilers, and we arranged the present trial based on the differential addition dosages. Data confirmed the growth promotion of lycopene through improving intestinal morphology, enhancing hepatic antioxidant capacity, and increasing beneficial cecal species. Hence, we suggested that lycopene is one kind of profitable plant extract, which may beneficially improve the growth performance of yellow-feather broilers.

Lycopene (Lyc) possesses strong antioxidant activity through its ability to scavenge singlet oxygen and modulate immune responses in livestock and poultry. As few studies have examined the effects of Lyc on hepatic antioxidant capacity in broilers, we evaluated the effects of dietary Lyc supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology, and microflora composition in yellow-feather broilers. We randomly assigned 480 one-day-old yellow-feather broilers to four dietary treatments: a basal diet with no additive (Con), and a basal diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg (Lyc150), 250 mg/kg (Lyc250), or 500 mg/kg (Lyc500) of lycopene. Compared to Con, Lyc supplementations significantly increased average daily gain by more than 14% from days 29 to 56. Additionally, Lyc250 significantly increased by over 6.4% in average daily feed intake from days 1 to 28, as well as by over 50% in hepatic levels of total antioxidant capacity and 65% in catalase on day 56. Lyc250 significantly increased villus height and decreased the villus-to-crypt ratio. Moreover, both Lyc250 and Lyc500 significantly downregulated hepatic Bax mRNA expression. Further, Lyc150 and Lyc250 significantly increased the relative abundance of Fermentum_g_Lactobacilus, Enterococcus_cecorum_g_Enterococcus, and Ruminococcus sp_g_Ruminococcus, but decreased Acetobacter_lovaniensis_g_Acetobacter and Lactobacillus_amylolyicus_g_Lactobacilus. Overall, our study found that Lyc supplementation significantly improved growth performance, enhanced hepatic antioxidant capacity, and modulated cecal microflora through increasing beneficial species in yellow-feather broilers.