# Intranasal delivery of dodecyl creatine ester alleviates motor deficits and increases dopamine levels in a 6-OHDA rat model of parkinsonism

## TL;DR

Intranasal dodecyl creatine ester improves motor function and dopamine levels in rats with Parkinson's-like symptoms.

## Contribution

DCE, a creatine prodrug delivered intranasally, shows therapeutic potential for Parkinson's disease.

## Key findings

- Intranasal DCE improved sensorimotor performance in 6-OHDA-intoxicated rats.
- DCE increased striatal dopamine levels and modulated BDNF-related pathways.
- DCE treatment affected neurofilament expression in both plasma and striatum.

## Abstract

Creatine has been recognized not only as an energy buffer but also for its antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-excitotoxic properties, making it of interest as a neuroprotective agent. Oral creatine monohydrate supplementation is ineffective due to poor brain and neuronal distribution and optimized forms of creatine deserve to be studied. Thus, dodecyl creatine ester (DCE), named CBT101, is a prodrug of creatine created for this purpose. When administered nasally it can follow the nose-to-brain pathway to deliver creatine to neuronal cells after passive diffusion across membranes. In this study, the therapeutic efficacy of intranasal DCE treatment was demonstrated in a 6-OHDA-intoxicated rat model, which is relevant to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease.

6-OHDA-intoxicated rats received DCE (13.3 mg/kg/day) or a vehicle intranasally for 5 weeks and were compared to a sham group. Imbalance in dopamine between the two hemispheres was assessed using the amphetamine-induced turning test after 3 weeks and sensorimotor performance using the beam walking test after 4 weeks, with ongoing treatment.

Five weeks after 6-OHDA intoxication, daily intranasal DCE treatment improved sensorimotor performance, striatal dopamine concentration, and modulated striatal pro-BDNF/BDNF balance and neurofilament expression both in plasma and in the striatum. These observations highlight DCE’s potential as a therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases characterized by energy deficiency and major mitochondrial dysfunction.

Experimental diagram showing a process involving neuronal loss in mice induced by 6-OHDA injection, leading to decreased dopamine and neurofilaments in the striatum and plasma. This causes pro-BDNF/BDNF imbalance, resulting in apoptosis or neurogenesis. DCE nasal instillation (13.3 mg/kg/day) affects these processes, linked to sensorimotor coordination dysfunction in mice.