Exploring the inhibitory effect and mechanism of 3,4,5-trihydroxybiphenyl on α-glucosidase: an integrated experimental and computational approach

TL;DR

This study investigates how 3,4,5-trihydroxybiphenyl inhibits the enzyme α-glucosidase and reduces blood glucose in mice, suggesting its potential as a natural therapeutic agent.

Contribution

The study reveals THB's non-competitive inhibition of α-glucosidase and its effectiveness in lowering postprandial blood glucose in mice.

Findings

THB inhibits α-glucosidase with an IC50 of 11.52 μM and a Ki of 26.26 μM.

THB binding to α-glucosidase is driven by hydrogen bonding and alters the enzyme's structure.

THB significantly reduces postprandial blood glucose levels in mice.

Abstract

3,4,5-Trihydroxybiphenyl (THB) is a naturally occurring compound derived from Sorbus pohuashanensis, primarily reported for its antifungal activity. However, its potential to inhibit α-glucosidase remains unclear. In this study, we assessed the inhibitory effects of THB on α-glucosidase and explored the mechanism of inhibition through kinetic analysis, multispectral techniques, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Furthermore, a sucrose tolerance test was performed to evaluate the effects of THB on postprandial blood glucose (PBG) levels in mice. The results showed that THB exhibited a non-competitive and reversible inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase, with IC50, Km, and Ki values of 11.52 μM, 0.69 ± 0.02 mM, and 26.26 ± 4.95 μM, respectively. THB showed a good affinity for α-glucosidase, with a KD value of 3.91 × 10−5 M. The interaction between THB and α-glucosidase induced significant changes in the enzyme’s microenvironment and secondary structure. The primary driving force for the binding of THB to α-glucosidase was hydrogen bonding. Additionally, THB could significantly reduce PBG levels in mice. Collectively, these findings suggest that THB holds potential as a natural inhibitor for the development of α-glucosidase-targeting agents.

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