Dietary supplementation of polysaccharides from Millettia speciosa Champ. ex Benth on growth performance, immune function, antioxidant abilities and intestinal health of Wenchang chickens

TL;DR

This study shows that adding a plant-based polysaccharide to chicken feed improves growth, immunity, and gut health, similar to antibiotics.

Contribution

The study introduces Millettia speciosa Champ. ex Benth polysaccharides as a potential antibiotic alternative in poultry feed.

Findings

MSCP at 800 mg/kg improved chicken growth and immune markers as effectively as antibiotics.

MSCP increased intestinal villus height and boosted beneficial gut bacteria like Synergistota and Faecalibacterium.

MSCP at 400-800 mg/kg enhanced antioxidant levels and IgA, indicating improved immunity.

Abstract

This study aims to systematically evaluate the effects of Millettia speciosa Champ. ex Benth polysaccharides (MSCP) on broiler chickens through comprehensive assessment of growth performance parameters, immune system modulation, and intestinal microbial community dynamics. A total of 576 healthy 80-day-old Wenchang chickens were randomly assigned to six experimental groups in a completely randomized design. The control group (Control) received a basal diet, while the antibiotic-treated group was supplemented with 2 g/kg chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CTC) as a positive control. Four experimental groups were supplemented with different concentrations of MSCP: 400 mg/kg (MSCP400), 800 mg/kg (MSCP800), 1600 mg/kg (MSCP1600), and 3200 mg/kg (MSCP3200). The study employed a replicated pen design with 8 replicates per treatment group, each containing 12 birds. The results showed that dietary MSCP significantly increased the final body weight (P < 0.001) and average daily gain of chickens (P = 0.017), particularly at a dosage of 800 mg/kg. We also found that serum CAT level (P = 0.030) and GSH-Px level (P = 0.011) were significantly higher in the MSCP group compared to the CTC group. Adding MSCP to the feed raised serum IL-4 level (P = 0.016) and significantly increased IgA level (P = 0.047) at 1600 mg/kg. MSCP at 400 and 800 mg/kg significantly increased villus height in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (P < 0.001 for duodenum and jejunum; P = 0.040 for ileum). Moreover, MSCP also increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria Synergistota, Parabacteroides, Megamonas and Faecalibacterium, and increased the diversity of intestinal flora. To sum up, adding MSCP to feed had a positive impact on production performance, comparable to antibiotics, particularly at a dosage of 800 mg/kg. This suggests that MSCP is a promising, safe, and effective alternative to antibiotics in feed additives.

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