# Surface Decontamination on the Reconstructive Therapy of Peri‐Implantitis: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial

## TL;DR

This study compares two surface decontamination methods for treating peri-implantitis and finds both are effective in improving clinical and radiographic outcomes.

## Contribution

The study introduces a multicenter randomized clinical trial comparing electrolysis and hydrogen peroxide in peri-implantitis treatment.

## Key findings

- Both electrolysis and hydrogen peroxide significantly improved clinical parameters like probing pocket depth and bleeding index.
- The disease resolution rate was higher in the electrolysis group (87.5%) compared to hydrogen peroxide (64.5%), though not statistically significant.
- Both methods enhanced radiographic marginal bone levels and clinical peri-implant conditions.

## Abstract

To compare the clinical/radiographic outcomes and the rate of disease resolution of the adjunctive use of electrolysis (GS) or hydrogen peroxide (HP) for mechanical decontamination in the reconstructive treatment of peri‐implantitis‐related intrabony defects.

A multicenter randomized clinical trial was designed to compare the effectiveness and safety of two strategies for the surface decontamination of crater‐like and circumferential intrabony defects subjected to reconstructive therapy. Clinical evaluation was made at baseline (T0), 6 months (T1) and 12 months (T2), while radiographic assessment was carried out at T0 and T2. Disease resolution was the primary outcome. Supportive therapy was administered following surgical treatment. Simple and multiple generalized estimating equations (GEE) models were applied to compare the outcomes achieved and to explore potential confounders. Post hoc power calculation was performed to validate the statistical power of the findings.

Overall, 58 patients completed the study. All the clinical parameters/indices, namely probing pocket depth, modified sulcular bleeding index, suppuration grading index, and width of keratinized mucosa, showed a significant reduction (p < 0.001) from T0 to T2 in both tested groups. Mucosal recession increased (p < 0.001) from T0 to T2. Marginal bone level and radiographic defect angle increased (p < 0.001) from T0 to T2. The disease resolution rate was 87.5% for the GS group and 64.5% for the HP group at T2 (p = 0.08). No major postoperative complications were reported.

Both tested surface decontamination methods are effective in resolving peri‐implantitis, in gaining radiographic marginal bone levels, and in enhancing clinical peri‐implant conditions in the surgical reconstructive therapy (NCT05615051).