Reflection as Evidence: Using Self-Perception to Assess the Impact of Faculty Development Programs on Teaching Competencies and Professionalism

TL;DR

This study explores how faculty development programs impact teaching skills and professionalism, finding that experienced educators benefit the most.

Contribution

The study introduces a novel framework assessing FDP effectiveness across five domains, highlighting the role of professional experience in outcomes.

Findings

Experienced faculty members reported higher perceived benefits of FDPs in career and professional development.

Male faculty members showed higher median scores in career and professional development domains.

Professional experience was a significant predictor of perceived improvement in teaching performance.

Abstract

Background

Faculty development programs (FDPs) play a pivotal role in enhancing the teaching competence and professionalism of the educators in higher education. These programs promote reflective practice and continuous learning and empower faculty members to adapt to evolving pedagogical demands and contribute meaningfully to academic excellence. This study investigates the faculty’s perceptions regarding the effectiveness of FDPs across five domains: institutional benefit, career development, competency motives, professional development, and faculty resilience and innovation.

Methodology

This single-center, cross-sectional study was held at the Combined Military Hospital Medical College Lahore and the Institute of Dentistry (CMH Lahore & IOD) over a nine-month period, after approval from the Ethical Review Board. Data were collected using a validated, reliable questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.822), and quantitative analysis was performed by SPSS Version 22.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY). The sample size was calculated using the online open-source and free software OpenEpi using the equation for a cross-sectional descriptive study. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize demographic data, and non-parametric tests were applied to assess differences across subgroups. The chi-square test was applied to check the association between the perception of teaching performance and variables such as professional experience, gender, and level of education. Binary logistic regression was used to identify predictors of perceived improvement in teaching performance. A total of 153 faculty members participated in the study.

Results

Most faculty members perceived that FDPs had a positive influence on career development, competency enhancement, and overall professional growth. Furthermore, there was a strong consensus among all participants that FDPs are essential for the benefit of the institution as well as faculty resilience and innovation. Male faculty members reported higher median scores in the domains of career development and professional development, indicating notable gender-based differences in the perception of FDP effectiveness. Faculty members with more than seven years of professional experience reported significantly higher scores in the domains of career development, professional development, and competency motives (p < 0.05). Binary logistic regression revealed that professional experience was a significant predictor of the perception that FDPs improve teaching performance (OR = 0.004, 95% CI: 0.001-0.016, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

FDPs foster innovation and play a vital role in enhancing faculty competence and improving teaching performance, particularly among experienced educators. Faculty members have a positive perception of the effectiveness of FDPs across five domains: institutional benefit, career development, competency motives, professional development, and faculty resilience and innovation. The findings underscore the influence of faculty experience on FDP outcomes and support the implementation of targeted, evidence-based faculty development initiatives. A sustained, context-sensitive, and outcome-driven approach is essential for optimizing the long-term impact of FDPs in medical education.