# A new yeast strain for valorisation of vinasse, a rum distillery waste product

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a new yeast strain that can grow in acidic vinasse waste and produce lipids for biofuel, offering a potential solution for waste valorisation in the rum industry.

## Contribution

A novel Pichia kudriavzevii strain, V1, was isolated and shown to be genetically transformable and capable of lipid production in vinasse-like conditions.

## Key findings

- The V1 strain grows well in highly acidic and high-temperature conditions similar to vinasse.
- Genetic transformation of V1 with Yarrowia lipolytica vectors was successfully demonstrated.
- Lipid content analysis confirmed V1's potential for biofuel production.

## Abstract

Waste valorisation refers to processes of reusing or recycling waste materials to create valuable products. In the Rum distillery industry, the primary waste byproducts include bagasse, a solid waste made up of sugar cane residue and vinasse, a thick and acidic liquid. Although vinasse has been repurposed in agricultural fields, it has also contributed to both soil and ocean pollution. Despite several potential solutions having been suggested, an effective and environmentally safe use for vinasse has yet to be found.

The valorisation of vinasse for biofuel production was explored by assessing its potential as a growth medium for lipid production by non-conventional yeasts. The oleaginous yeast strain Yarrowia lipolytica, known for its lipid production capabilities, was initially tested on vinasse but required further adaptation and optimization. To circumvent this, we isolated a novel yeast strain from old vinasse waste, named V1, which demonstrated strong growth potential. The growth conditions of V1, including temperature and acidity, were characterized, and its potential for bioengineering was evaluated. This strain exhibited resistance to highly acidic pH levels and higher temperatures when cultivated on YPV, an artificial laboratory medium designed to mimic the acidity and glycerol content of vinasse. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) identified V1 as Pichia kudriavzevii. We demonstrated that V1 could be transformed with Yarrowia lipolytica vectors using the classical yeast heat shock protocol, thus enabling potential genetic engineering. Finally, lipid content in V1 was analysed in different conditions, confirming the strain's potential for biofuel production.

Pichia kudriavzevii is not a traditional yeast, but its ability to adapt and grow under extreme pH and higher temperature conditions makes it a promising candidate for rum industry waste management applications. This strain could potentially be utilised to convert vinasse and other food waste products into valuable biofuels. Although further research is required to engineer and optimize this novel strain for vinasse cultivation, our findings highlight its great potential as a micro-factory in rum-producing regions and high locations, where agricultural waste is in need of valorisation solutions.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13068-025-02671-0.