# Hyperimmunoglobulin syndromes: A review of HIGM, HIES, and HIDS

**Authors:** Wushu Chen, Xingpei Li, Junye Mai, Kailang Tang, Yingqiao Wang, Yan-yan Lu, Jie Liang, Ni-jiao Li, Xiu-Yu Qin, Yu Li, Lunkai Yao, Ye Qiu

PMC · DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2025.100297 · Journal of Translational Autoimmunity · 2025-06-27

## TL;DR

This paper reviews three rare immune disorders, summarizing their classification, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment to improve understanding and research.

## Contribution

The paper provides a comprehensive analysis and comparison of HIGM, HIES, and HIDS, which are rarely studied together.

## Key findings

- The paper categorizes and compares the clinical features of HIGM, HIES, and HIDS.
- It summarizes diagnostic methods and treatment approaches for the three disorders.
- The analysis aims to enhance research and clinical management of these rare immune syndromes.

## Abstract

At present, there is a lack of detailed understanding and research on the pathogenesis and treatment of Hyperimmunoglobulin M syndrome (HIGM), Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (HIES), and hyperimmunoglobulin D syndrome (HIDS), and few studies have been conducted to correlate the pathogenesis and treatment of the three disorders. The existing studies are rarely related to the three diseases. We searched PubMed for a large number of relevant literature and analyzed and summarized the contents. We analyzed and introduced the three diseases and their Categorization, Epidemiology, Clinical manifestations, Laboratory diagnosis, and Treatment by means of tables and Figures. It is hoped that this analysis and summary can play a certain role in the research and treatment of related diseases and promote the understanding and prevention of related diseases.

## Linked entities

- **Diseases:** Hyperimmunoglobulin M syndrome (MONDO:0010626), Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (MONDO:0018037)

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** HIDS (MESH:D007589), HIGM (MESH:C566367)

## Full text

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## Figures

3 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12272947/full.md

## References

205 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12272947/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12272947