# Case Report: Child with Menkes syndrome complicated by bladder diverticula

## TL;DR

A 3-year-old boy with Menkes syndrome had bladder diverticula that ruptured, leading to successful surgical treatment and recovery.

## Contribution

This case report highlights the successful surgical management of bladder diverticula in a Menkes syndrome patient.

## Key findings

- The patient showed significant improvement in urodynamic parameters post-surgery.
- Follow-up confirmed satisfactory voiding function without recurrence.
- Imaging and urodynamic studies were crucial for diagnosis and postoperative monitoring.

## Abstract

Menkes syndrome is a rare X-linked genetic disorder of copper metabolism caused by variants in the ATP7A gene. It is characterized by developmental delay, hair abnormalities, hypotonia, and organ dysfunction. Bladder diverticula are a rare but recognized urological complication, and its rupture can lead to severe clinical consequences.

We report a case of a 3-year-old boy diagnosed with Menkes syndrome, presenting with multiple bladder diverticula and diverticular rupture, resulting in acute abdominal effusion. The patient underwent excision of multiple bladder diverticula guided by imaging and urodynamic evaluation. Postoperative functional recovery was assessed through follow-up imaging and urodynamic studies.

Postoperative urodynamic parameters showed significant improvement. Follow-up revealed satisfactory voiding function without evidence of recurrence or increased residual urine. Imaging and urodynamic studies were instrumental in both preoperative localization and postoperative functional assessment.

Early diagnosis and surgical excision of bladder diverticula in patients with Menkes syndrome can significantly improve prognosis. Imaging and urodynamic studies provide reliable support for comprehensive management and are invaluable for long-term postoperative follow-up.