# Concordância entre Framingham, Pooled Cohort Equations e Globorisk-LAC da estimação do risco cardiovascular no Brasil, 2013

## TL;DR

This study compares three cardiovascular risk scores in Brazil and finds low agreement, suggesting Globorisk-LAC is better suited for local use.

## Contribution

The study evaluates the agreement of Framingham, PCE, and Globorisk-LAC scores in estimating cardiovascular risk in Brazil, highlighting Globorisk-LAC as a potential replacement.

## Key findings

- Framingham and PCE scores showed very low agreement with Globorisk-LAC.
- Globorisk-LAC and PCE agreed in 34.7% of cases, while Framingham and PCE agreed in only 1.8%.
- Globorisk-LAC is suggested as a better fit for Brazilian guidelines due to its recalibration for Latin American populations.

## Abstract

Os escores de Framingham e Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE) nunca foram recalibrados para a população brasileira. O Globorisk-LAC foi derivado recentemente com uma metodologia análoga ao PCE, tendo sido recalibrado para os países da América Latina.

Descrever a concordância entre os escores de Framingham, PCE e Globorisk-LAC na estimação do risco cardiovascular em dez anos na população brasileira.

Neste estudo de corte transversal, o risco foi estimado pelos três escores para pessoas com idade entre 40–74 anos sem doença cardiovascular, usando dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) 2013. A concordância foi estimada como o percentual de casos em que o risco estimado por um escore estava entre 0,8 e 1,25 vezes o risco estimado pelo outro, e como o coeficiente de Gwet (AC1) para o risco estratificado em baixo, intermediário e alto.

O estudo incluiu 4.416 pessoas, entre as 8.952 do componente laboratorial da PNS. O risco mediano (intervalo interquartis) foi de 9,2% (5,1 a 17,8) pelo Framingham, 3,6% (1,7 a 8,2) pelo PCE, e 4,7% (2,8 a 8,1) pelo Globorisk-LAC. O risco estimado pelo Framingham concordou com o Globorisk-LAC em 6,4% dos casos e com o PCE em 1,8%; o PCE concordou com o Globorisk-LAC em 34,7%. Considerando a estratificação do risco, o AC1 foi respectivamente 0,454, 0,489 e 0,874.

Os diferentes escores de risco cardiovascular concordam muito pouco entre si. Os motivos para essa discordância fazem do Globorisk-LAC uma ótima opção para suceder o Framingham nas diretrizes brasileiras de dislipidemia.

The Framingham risk score and Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE) have never been recalibrated for the Brazilian population. In contrast, the Globorisk-LAC score was recently derived using a methodology analogous to the PCE and has been recalibrated for Latin American countries.

To describe the agreement between the Framingham, PCE, and Globorisk-LAC scores in estimating the 10-year cardiovascular risk in the Brazilian population.

This cross-sectional study used the three scores to estimate cardiovascular risk in participants aged 40 to 74 years without a history of cardiovascular disease based on data from the 2013 National Health Survey (PNS). The agreement was estimated as (i) the percentage of participants in which the risk estimated by one score was between 0.80 and 1.25 times the risk estimated by another score and (ii) based on the Gwet's agreement coefficient (AC1) according to risk categories (low, intermediate, and high).

A total of 4,416 participants were included from 8,952 participants from the PNS with a laboratory component. The median (interquartile range) of the estimated 10-year cardiovascular risk was 9.2% (5.1 to 17.8) according to the Framingham, 3.6% (1.7 to 8.2) according to the PCE, and 4.7% (2.8 to 8.1) according to the Globorisk-LAC. The risk estimated using the Framingham agreed with the Globorisk-LAC and PCE in 6.4% and 1.8% of the cases, respectively, whereas the PCE and Globorisk-LAC agreed in 34.7% of the cases. When considering the risk stratification, the respective AC1 values were 0.454, 0.489, and 0.874.

The three cardiovascular risk scores showed low levels of agreement with each other. The reasons for this disagreement suggests that Globorisk-LAC is a strong candidate to replace the Framingham in the Brazilian guidelines for dyslipidemia.