# Azathioprine Hypersensitivity Syndrome Mimicking an Infection in a Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patient: A Case Report

## TL;DR

A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus developed azathioprine hypersensitivity syndrome, which initially appeared like an infection.

## Contribution

This case report highlights the rare but serious adverse effect of azathioprine in systemic lupus patients.

## Key findings

- Azathioprine hypersensitivity syndrome can mimic infectious symptoms.
- Early recognition of AHS is crucial to prevent fatal outcomes.
- The case emphasizes the importance of considering AHS in autoimmune disease treatment.

## Abstract

Azathioprine (AZA) is used in clinical practice as a steroid-sparing medication to treat diverse systemic autoimmune diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. The adverse effects of AZA use include azathioprine hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS). AHS is a rare entity, but it can lead to fatal outcomes if not identified early. Fever and abdominal pain, while resembling other diseases, can be a sign of this disease. This paper discusses the case of a patient diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus who experienced AHS.