# Association between the levels of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and the risk of stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis

## TL;DR

High levels of the enzyme GGT are linked to a higher risk of both types of stroke, according to a review and analysis of existing studies.

## Contribution

This study provides a meta-analysis confirming a significant association between elevated GGT levels and increased stroke risk.

## Key findings

- Elevated GGT levels are associated with a 42% higher risk of hemorrhagic stroke.
- High GGT levels are linked to a 22% increased risk of ischemic stroke.

## Abstract

Stroke is influenced by numerous factors, both modifiable and non-modifiable. Among these, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) serves as a prognostic biomarker in cardiovascular diseases and, within this context, in neurological conditions like stroke.

To determine whether an association exists between GGT and both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.

A systematic and comprehensive literature search was conducted across 5 databases, encompassing studies published from their inception to January 28, 2024, following a population, exposure, comparator, outcome, and study (PECOS) framework. Ten primary studies meeting the eligibility criteria were selected.

Our findings, based on a meta-analysis of the ten studies, indicate an increased risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes in patients with elevated GGT levels, after excluding outliers. The analysis demonstrated a significant association, with a relative risk of 1.42 (95%CI: 1.01–1.99; I
2
 = 19%) for hemorrhagic stroke and 1.22 (95%CI: 1.10–1.36; I
2
 = 49%) for ischemic stroke.

Our study reveals an elevated risk of stroke in patients with high GGT levels, demonstrating a 42% higher likelihood of hemorrhagic stroke and a 22% increased risk of ischemic stroke.