Arabic translation and psychometric testing of the prenatal eating behaviors screening tool

TL;DR

This study translated and validated a tool for detecting eating disorders in pregnant women, showing it works well in Arabic-speaking populations.

Contribution

The first Arabic translation and psychometric validation of the Prenatal Eating Behaviors Screening tool.

Findings

The PEBS-Arabic demonstrated good reliability with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.77.

Content validity was confirmed with a perfect item-CVI and scale-CVI of 1.00.

A two-factor solution in EFA aligned well with the original bulimia and anorexia factors.

Abstract

Early detection and treatment of eating behavioral problems among pregnant women are essential due to the associated adverse impact on pregnancy and the health of the offspring. Prenatal Eating Behaviors Screening (PEBS) tool, a 12-item self-administered questionnaire, can be used to screen for eating disorders (ED) during pregnancy. This study performed an Arabic translation of PEBS and a psychometric analysis to determine its validity and reliability.

The standard forward-backward translation method was used to generate PEBS-Arabic. The 12-item Likert scale questionnaire was completed by 116 antenatal women in the tertiary maternity care hospital in Qatar. Content validity was determined by the content validity index (CVI) using input from five experts. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, and confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis (CFA & EFA) to test construct validity. The correlations between PEBS-Arabic scores and maternal characteristics were explored.

The mean total PEBS score in the cohort was 16.3 (± 5.2), with nulliparity and higher educational level resulting in statistically significantly higher mean scores. The PEBS-Arabic had a very good item-CVI and scale-CVI of 1.00. The overall Cronbach’s alpha was 0.77, which demonstrated good and acceptable reliability. The CFA using a single-factor solution showed an acceptable correlation for most items. In the EFA, a two-factor solution resulted in most items loading accurately into the pre-determined factors (bulimia and anorexia) with acceptable correlations.

The PEBS-Arabic is the first translated version of this pregnancy-specific screening tool for ED. This tool demonstrates good reliability, content and construct validity. This study is a valuable step towards understanding and detecting the prevalence and determinants of ED in pregnancy, with the aim of improving maternal, fetal and child health.

The study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the Prenatal Eating Behaviors Screening (PEBS) tool, a 12-item self-administered questionnaire, for early detection and treatment of eating disorders during pregnancy. The Arabic translation of PEBS and psychometric evaluation was performed. Moreover, a survey was conducted using PEBS which followed a six-point Likert scale which were completed by 116 antenatal women in Qatar. The results showed good reliability, and content and construct validity. The PEBS-Arabic is the first translated version from original English. This study is crucial for understanding and detecting the prevalence and determinants of eating disorders in pregnancy, ultimately improving maternal, fetal, and child health.

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