Beeswax Nanoemulsion for Consolidation and Hydrophobization of Canvases
Yiming Jia, Krister Holmberg, Romain Bordes
TL;DR
A new eco-friendly method using beeswax and cellulose nanocrystals strengthens and waterproofs old canvases for cultural heritage preservation.
Contribution
A green, surfactant-free dispersion system combining beeswax nanoemulsions with cellulose nanocrystals and EHM for canvas consolidation and hydrophobization.
Findings
The dispersion system effectively strengthens and waterproofs degraded canvases.
The hydrophobicity can be adjusted by varying beeswax content.
The system forms a stable, uniform layer without aggregation during treatment.
Abstract
In this article, a novel dispersion system is presented for consolidation and hydrophobization of degraded canvases. The dispersions are formulated by combining cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and hydrophobically modified ethylhydroxyethylcellulose (EHM) with beeswax nanoemulsions. The beeswax nanoemulsion is prepared using the Ouzo effect, a low‐energy, surfactant‐free, and spontaneous emulsification method. EHM serves as an anchor for CNC and beeswax nanoparticles on the canvas, forming a continuous film and preventing aggregation during the treatment process. Tensile tests and contact angle measurements demonstrate that the dispersions effectively strengthen the canvas and enhance its water resistance, addressing the moisture‐induced mechanical limitations observed with previous nanocellulose and polyelectrolyte consolidants. Additionally, the hydrophobicity of the beeswax‐CNC/EHM…
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Taxonomy
TopicsAdvanced Cellulose Research Studies · Lignin and Wood Chemistry · Pickering emulsions and particle stabilization