Method for Observing SMOKing and vaping bEhaviours (MOSMOKE): development and validation of a systematic observation tool
Jack S Benton, Sofia Berg, Arbaz Kapadi, Neil Bendel, Julie Jerram, David P French

TL;DR
The study developed and validated MOSMOKE, a tool to observe smoking and vaping in public spaces, which can help evaluate policies targeting these behaviors.
Contribution
The novel contribution is the development and validation of MOSMOKE, a systematic observation tool for smoking and vaping behaviors in public spaces.
Findings
MOSMOKE demonstrated good to excellent inter-rater reliability for observing smoking and vaping behaviors.
Observed smoking and vaping behaviors aligned with hypotheses about environmental factors like smoking bins and office proximity.
MOSMOKE is a reliable and valid tool for unobtrusive assessment of smoking and vaping in public spaces.
Abstract
Policies and interventions increasingly aim to reduce smoking in outdoor public spaces, but evidence on factors influencing smoking in specific locations remains limited. Systematic observation can unobtrusively assess behaviours in environmental contexts, reducing biases from self-report. This study aims to develop and test the reliability and validity of MOSMOKE (Method for Observing SMOKing and vaping bEhaviours): a new tool for assessing the number of people holding or inhaling a cigarette or vape in public spaces. MOSMOKE was adapted from a previously validated observation tool for assessing physical activity and well-being behaviours. Following piloting and refinement, inter-rater reliability for assessing smoking, vaping and age group classification was analysed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). A main study assessed criterion-related validity through 32 hours of…
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Taxonomy
TopicsSmoking Behavior and Cessation · Noise Effects and Management · Air Quality and Health Impacts
