Acute Prolonged Hamstrings Vibration Reduces Limb Stiffness Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction During a Single‐Limb Drop‐Jump Task

TL;DR

Vibrating the hamstrings after ACL surgery can reduce stiff limb loading, which may help prevent knee osteoarthritis.

Contribution

This study shows that prolonged hamstrings vibration reduces limb stiffness in ACLR patients during a drop-jump task.

Findings

ACLR participants had higher limb stiffness and loading rates compared to controls before vibration.

Hamstrings vibration significantly reduced limb stiffness and improved knee movement in ACLR participants.

No significant changes were observed in the non-injured control group after vibration.

Abstract

Impaired quadriceps function influences lower limb biomechanics following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). This often results in stiff limb loading which leads to the development of knee osteoarthritis. Greater hamstrings/quadriceps co‐activation is common after ACLR and is, in part, responsible for impaired quadriceps function. Prolonged vibration of the hamstrings can alleviate reciprocal inhibition of the quadriceps and enhance quadriceps activation. We hypothesize that this will also reduce limb stiffness. Fourteen participants with unilateral ACLR, and 14 non‐injured individuals performed a single‐leg drop‐landing task, before and after 20 min of hamstrings vibration. Limb stiffness, peak vertical ground reaction force, peak instantaneous loading rate, knee excursion, and peak knee extension moment were calculated during the loading phase of the drop‐landing task. The ACLR group had significantly greater limb stiffness (p = 0.002), peak vertical ground reaction force (p = 0.004), loading rate (p = 0.001), significantly less knee excursion (p = 0.009) and knee extension moment (p = 0.013) before vibration than non‐injured controls. Vibration significantly reduced limb stiffness (p = 0.001), peak vertical ground reaction force (p = 0.001), loading rate (p < 0.001), significantly increased knee excursion (p = 0.01) and knee extension moment (p < 0.001) in the ACLR group. No significant differences were found following vibration in the non‐injured control group.

These results demonstrate that prolonged vibration of the hamstrings has the potential to mitigate the stiff limb loading strategy linked to knee osteoarthritis development, and may represent an effective adjunct therapy for ACLR rehabilitation.

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