# Challenges and opportunities: a mixed-methods study on the current status of head and neck cancer support groups in Australia

## TL;DR

This study examines the challenges and opportunities for head and neck cancer support groups in Australia, focusing on their operations and the need for better resources and training.

## Contribution

The study provides new insights into the operational challenges and resource gaps in Australian head and neck cancer support groups.

## Key findings

- One-third of HNC support groups are in rural areas, with significant administrative and logistical challenges.
- Only 32% of participants received guidelines and 42% received training, highlighting a need for more resources.
- Online support groups are suggested as a sustainable solution, especially for remote areas.

## Abstract

Head and neck cancer (HNC) support groups provide valuable emotional support and practical guidance, helping to improve patients’ quality of life. This study aimed to understand the current practices of HNC support groups in Australia, focusing on their establishment, implementation, and facilitation, and identifying gaps in resources, guidelines, and training for facilitators.

This study recruited facilitators of active HNC support groups in Australia. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining quantitative and qualitative analyses. Quantitative data were collected through an online questionnaire and descriptively analyzed. The qualitative data were analyzed using inductive content analysis of open-ended questionnaire responses.

Nineteen participants completed the survey. One-third of HNC support groups are in rural areas, two-thirds in urban areas. Nearly half of the groups operate in hospitals, with only one online support group in remote areas. Key challenges identified were administration, content, and location. About 32% of participants received guidelines, and 42% received training, with most finding these resources useful. The need for more online support groups and collaboration with professional bodies was highlighted.

HNC support groups face significant administrative and logistical challenges. Support groups in rural areas also encounter greater access issues, making online formats potentially more sustainable. Future efforts should focus on improving administrative support, funding, and comprehensive training for facilitators to ensure the long-term sustainability of HNC support groups in Australia.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00520-025-09752-8.