# Automated Sidewalk Surface Detection Using Wearable Accelerometry and Deep Learning

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a wearable sensor and deep learning method to efficiently and objectively assess sidewalk surface quality, offering a cost-effective alternative to traditional surveys.

## Contribution

A novel approach using wearable accelerometry and deep learning for automated sidewalk surface detection is proposed.

## Key findings

- The proposed model achieves a 95.17% accuracy rate in classifying sidewalk surface conditions.
- Wearable accelerometers combined with deep learning provide an efficient and objective evaluation method for sidewalks.

## Abstract

Walking-friendly cities not only promote health and environmental benefits but also play crucial roles in urban development and local economic revitalization. Typically, pedestrian interviews and surveys are used to evaluate walkability. However, these methods can be costly to implement at scale, as they demand considerable time and resources. To address the limitations in current methods for evaluating pedestrian pathways, we propose a novel approach utilizing wearable sensors and deep learning. This new method provides benefits in terms of efficiency and cost-effectiveness while ensuring a more objective and consistent evaluation of sidewalk surfaces. In the proposed method, we used wearable accelerometers to capture participants’ acceleration along the vertical (V), anterior-posterior (AP), and medio-lateral (ML) axes. This data is then transformed into the frequency domain using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), a Kalman filter, a low-pass filter, and a moving average filter. A deep learning model is subsequently utilized to classify the conditions of the sidewalk surfaces using this transformed data. The experimental results indicate that the proposed model achieves a notable accuracy rate of 95.17%.