# Single-Pass Albumin Dialysis (SPAD) as a Therapeutic Extracorporeal Liver Support in a Low-Resource Setting: Case Report and Literature Review

## TL;DR

A 25-year-old man with multiple organ failure and acute liver failure was treated with SPAD, a type of dialysis, in a low-resource setting.

## Contribution

This case report demonstrates the use of SPAD as a therapeutic option for liver failure in resource-limited environments.

## Key findings

- SPAD was used alongside CRRT to manage acute liver and kidney failure.
- The patient showed clinical improvement after SPAD treatment.
- The case highlights SPAD's potential in low-resource settings.

## Abstract

Acute liver failure, a condition marked by high mortality, leads to a loss of liver function that impairs the detoxification of substances such as bilirubin, ammonia, and lactate, as well as the liver’s synthetic functions, causing damage to other organs. New extracorporeal therapies, including single-pass albumin dialysis (SPAD), have been developed to support liver function. We present a case of a 25-year-old male with no significant past medical history who presented with multiple organ failure and acute kidney injury that required continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) with continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF), necessitating SPAD for the treatment of the liver failure.