# Severe Pyothorax Caused by Streptococcus pseudoporcinus and Prevotella buccae: A Case Report

## TL;DR

A rare case of severe pyothorax caused by two bacteria, Streptococcus pseudoporcinus and Prevotella buccae, is reported, highlighting their potential to cause serious infections.

## Contribution

Reports a rare clinical case where two uncommon bacteria caused severe pyothorax, emphasizing their potential as serious pathogens.

## Key findings

- Streptococcus pseudoporcinus and Prevotella buccae were isolated from pleural fluid in a case of severe pyothorax.
- The case required mechanical ventilation due to the rapid progression of the infection.
- The findings suggest β-hemolytic streptococci can cause severe infections even when rarely reported in such contexts.

## Abstract

Pyothorax is a condition characterized by the accumulation of purulent pleural effusion and is often secondary to pneumonia or lung abscess. The identification of causative pathogens is essential for treatment; however, the sensitivity of pleural fluid culture remains low. We report a rare case of severe pyothorax requiring mechanical ventilation in which Streptococcus pseudoporcinus and Prevotella buccae were isolated from pleural fluid. This case highlights the potential for β-hemolytic streptococci to cause rapidly progressive and severe infections, even when rarely reported as causative organisms of pyothorax.