# Developing the Creative Communities Framework for Living Well With Serious Mental Illness: Findings From a Realist Evaluation

## TL;DR

This study explores how community arts programs create safe spaces for people with serious mental illness to support their recovery.

## Contribution

The paper introduces the Creative Communities Framework, identifying six key ingredients for effective community-based mental health support.

## Key findings

- Six key ingredients were identified to create safe and empowering spaces for recovery.
- Community arts programs offer an alternative to clinical settings for mental health support.
- Shared lived experiences and compassionate workers are crucial for successful engagement.

## Abstract

To answer the research question how, why and in what context do community arts organisations establish a safe and empowering space that allows individuals with serious mental illness to engage with recovery processes. A realist evaluation was conducted between 2021 and 2023. This paper presents findings from primary data collection utilising arts elicitation interviews with 12 participants with serious mental illness at 2 time points. A further four realist interviews were conducted with workers from community organisations. Template analysis was the main analytical tool used to test and refine an initial programme theory, incorporating sub‐analyses of visual and longitudinal data. Theory was developed that explains how the interactions between the lived experiences and community interventions creates a safe and empowering space. Six key ingredients were identified including (1) community setting; (2) creative activity; (3) consistent access; (4) choice over engagement; (5) shared lived experiences; (6) compassionate workers; forming the Creative Communities Framework. Creative communities present an alternative context to clinical spaces, to support individuals to live well with serious mental illness.