# Revealing the significance of tissue-resident memory T cells in lung adenocarcinoma through bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation

## TL;DR

This study identifies a set of genes in lung tissue-resident memory T cells that can predict survival and treatment outcomes for lung adenocarcinoma patients.

## Contribution

A novel prognostic signature based on lung TRM cell-specific genes for predicting LUAD outcomes and treatment response.

## Key findings

- 130 differentially expressed lung TRM cell-specific genes were identified, with 14 forming a prognostic signature.
- The signature accurately predicted survival and immunotherapy response in LUAD patients, with AUCs up to 0.867 in validation.
- TYMS was identified as a key gene linked to LUAD progression and cell proliferation.

## Abstract

To investigate the functions of lung TRM cells in the development and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

R-language bioinformatics analysis was applied to obtain differentially expressed (DE) lung TRM cell-specific genes and a related prognostic signature, which were further validated using external datasets, immunohistochemical staining images, and biological experiments.

A total of 130 DE lung TRM cell-specific genes were identified, 14 of which were involved in the prognostic signature, including SLC16A3, ARHGAP11A, PTTG1, DTL, GPRIN1, EXO1, GAPDH, TYMS, DAPK2, CCL20, HLA-DQA1, ADAM12, ALOX5AP and OASL. The signature was efficient and robust in predicting the overall survival and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapeutic outcomes of patients with LUAD. The AUCs for predicting the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 0.688, 0.698, and 0.648, respectively, in the training cohort, and were 0.867, 0.662, and 0.672, respectively, in the validation cohort. The signature also had predictive value for the sensitivity of patients to chemical drugs. TYMS was a hub gene in the prognostic signature, and was strongly associated with LUAD progression and cell proliferation in the experimental validation.

The lung TRM cell-related prognostic signature is an effective tool for predicting the prognosis and therapeutic outcomes of patients with LUAD.