# The association of medical mistrust, clinical trial knowledge, and perceived clinical trial risk with willingness to participate in health research among historically marginalized individuals living in New York City

## TL;DR

This study explores how medical mistrust, knowledge, and perceived risk affect willingness to participate in health research among diverse, historically marginalized groups in New York City.

## Contribution

The study provides novel insights into how these factors differentially influence research participation across multiple racial and ethnic groups.

## Key findings

- Willingness to participate ranged from 35.8% (Chinese) to 58.7% (South Asian) participants.
- Medical mistrust was linked to less willingness among Chinese and South American Latiné participants but more willingness among Haitian participants.
- Clinical trial knowledge was associated with more willingness for Haitian participants but less for Chinese participants.

## Abstract

Medical mistrust, clinical trial knowledge, and clinical trial risk impact research participation, yet are rarely studied among racial and ethnic groups.

Data were from a cross-sectional survey (n = 1,788). Multinomial logistic regression models examined associations of medical mistrust, clinical trial knowledge, and clinical trial risk with willingness to participate in health research (Yes, No, Unsure) among Chinese, Korean, South Asian, Haitian, North American Latiné, South American Latiné, and Southwest Asian and North African (SWANA) NYC residents with one model per group

Overall, 46.1% of participants reported willingness to participate, ranging from 35.8% (Chinese participants) to 58.7% (South Asian participants). Increased mistrust was associated with less willingness among Chinese (OR: 1.06, 95%CI: 1.00, 1.12) and South American Latiné (OR: 1.15, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.30) participants; more willingness among Haitian participants (OR: 0.87, 95%CI: 0.81, 0.94); more uncertainty among Korean (OR: 1.13, 95%CI: 1.05, 1.22), South Asian (OR: 1.07 95%CI: 1.01, 1.12), and North American

Latiné (OR: 1.18, 95%CI: 1.09, 1.27) participants; and less uncertainty among Haitian (OR: 0.91, 95%CI: 0.84, 0.99) and SWANA (OR: 0.91, 95%CI:0.86, 0.97) participants. Knowledge was associated with more willingness for Haitian participants (OR: 2.77, 95%CI: 1.15, 6.65), less willingness for Chinese participants (OR: 0.55, 95%CI: 0.34, 0.88), and more uncertainty among South Asian (OR: 2.09, 95%CI: 1.07, 4.07) and SWANA (OR: 2.71, 95%CI: 1.21, 6.03) participants. Some risk and more willingness were linked for South American Latiné participants (OR: 0.14, 95%CI: 0.02, 0.85).

Associations varied by group. Studying diverse groups advances equitable research representation.