Case Series: Natural History and Treatment of Thoracic Aortic Sarcoma

TL;DR

This paper presents three cases of rare thoracic aortic sarcoma, discussing treatment approaches and challenges in managing this aggressive cancer.

Contribution

The study provides clinical insights into the natural history and treatment of thoracic aortic sarcoma through a case series.

Findings

Aortic sarcoma poses diagnostic and surgical challenges due to its embolic potential and complex management.

Complete resection with vascular reconstruction and chemoradiotherapy is advocated when feasible.

Multidisciplinary collaboration is essential for optimizing outcomes in these rare cases.

Abstract

Aortic sarcoma is a rare and aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis despite surgical resection and vascular reconstruction. We present a case series of patients with thoracic aortic sarcoma, highlighting three distinct clinical scenarios: primary resection, resection following prior thoracic aortic endograft, and nonoperative management. Our findings underscore key aspects of aortic sarcoma management, including its embolic potential, diagnostic challenges, and surgical considerations, particularly when endograft explant is required. Despite limited survival, we advocate for complete resection and vascular reconstruction with adjunctive chemoradiotherapy when feasible. Multidisciplinary collaboration remains paramount to optimize postoperative outcome in this complex pathology.

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