Salmonella typhi Bacteremia With Infective Fasciitis and Psoas Abscess: A Rare and Challenging Presentation

TL;DR

This paper reports a rare case of Salmonella typhi infection leading to severe muscle inflammation and abscess, emphasizing the need for early diagnosis and treatment.

Contribution

The novelty lies in presenting a rare clinical manifestation of enteric fever with infective fasciitis and psoas abscess.

Findings

Salmonella typhi can cause atypical complications like infective fasciitis and muscle abscess.

Early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic therapy are crucial to prevent severe outcomes.

Antibiotic resistance patterns are evolving, affecting treatment options for enteric fever.

Abstract

Enteric fever, caused by Salmonella
typhi or paratyphi, remains a significant global health issue, especially in endemic areas. The disease typically presents with prolonged fever, abdominal discomfort, and gastrointestinal symptoms. However, complications such as infective fasciitis and muscle abscess, though rare, can occur and lead to severe consequences. We present a case of a 29-year-old male diagnosed with S. typhi infection, who developed infective fasciitis of the lower psoas and iliacus muscles, with early abscess formation. This case underscores the potential for atypical presentations of enteric fever and highlights the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic therapy to prevent severe complications. This report also discusses diagnostic challenges, treatment options, and the evolving resistance patterns to common antibiotics to manage enteric fever.

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