# A Qualitative Analysis of the Relationship Between Simulated And Clinical Learning Environments in Obstetrics and Gynaecology

## TL;DR

This study explores how simulated and clinical learning environments impact medical students' experiences in obstetrics and gynaecology.

## Contribution

The study identifies how simulation prepares students for clinical placements and highlights the emotional and identity-forming aspects of clinical learning.

## Key findings

- Simulation is seen as preparation for clinical environments and valued for learner safety.
- Clinical placements help students develop their professional identity through patient interactions.
- Emotional engagement in clinical settings significantly affects learning experiences.

## Abstract

Clinical placement on the labour ward is an essential component of Obstetrics and Gynaecology curricula in medical schools worldwide. This clinical learning environment (CLE) provides students with a formative opportunity for experiential learning around labour and delivery. However, the CLE presents challenges to learning, in particular diversity of experiences and opportunities. The simulated learning environment (SLE) has been adopted by medical schools worldwide in order to address such issues. The SLE provides a safe space for students to practise clinical skills around care in labour and delivery. These learning experiences form the sole exposure for many students to labour and delivery. This study examines the learner experience of these environments and the relationship between them.

A qualitative research study was performed in the Royal College of Surgeons Ireland. Fourth year undergraduate medical students undertaking their obstetrics and gynaecology rotation were invited to participate. Students attend a labour ward simulation and a week-long clinical placement as part of this rotation. Focus groups were conducted following the simulation and students completed audio diaries during their clinical placement which underwent inductive content analysis.

Four major concepts emerged from analysis of the data from 29 participating students. Simulation was viewed by students as preparation for the CLE. Learner safety within the simulated learning space was highly valued by students. Learner roles in the SLE were often assigned, while student identity on the labour ward developed from their own engagement, patient interactions, and interprofessional staff. Students identified the emotional aspect of the CLE of the labour ward as a significant impact on their learning experience.

The SLE was valued as a stepping-stone to prepare for the CLE. The safety afforded by the simulated labour ward was important to the student learning experience. The CLE was conducive to the formation of learner identities and students valued the emotional engagement with patients. These two areas require further exploration within the simulated learning space.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40670-025-02313-y.