# Fermentation-synergized physical modification: Enhancing physicochemical properties and bioactivities of soluble dietary fiber from peanut shells

## TL;DR

This study improves peanut shell-derived soluble dietary fiber using fermentation and physical methods, enhancing its properties and health benefits.

## Contribution

A novel fermentation-synergized physical modification method is introduced to enhance dietary fiber properties.

## Key findings

- Ultra-high-pressure modification increased water-holding and oil-holding capacities of SDF significantly.
- Ultrasonic treatment improved SDF's hypoglycemic and anti-inflammatory activities.
- Microwave treatment enhanced the thermal stability of SDF.

## Abstract

In this study, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BNCC 339790 was employed to extract soluble dietary fiber (SDF) from peanut shells, followed by modification using ultrasonic, microwave, and ultra-high-pressure methods to investigate their effects on SDF properties. Ultra-high-pressure modification increased SDF's water-holding and oil-holding capacities by 1.74-fold and 2.07-fold, respectively. Characterization revealed decreased crystallinity and altered surface morphology with increased roughness and porosity after modification by the three methods. In addition, microwave-treated SDF exhibited better thermal stability. Ultrasonic treatment significantly enhanced SDF's inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase (from 62.44 % to 83.33 %) and α-amylase (from 79.81 % to 94.94 %), demonstrated improved hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potential. Furthermore, ultrasonically modified SDF exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity by significantly suppressing TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β expression. This study provides a foundation for the further development of SDF and its promotion in functional foods and other potential applications.

•Soluble dietary fiber is prepared by fermentation-synergized physical modification.•Modified soluble dietary fiber shows enhanced physicochemical characteristics.•Superior hypoglycemic activities are exhibited by modified soluble dietary fiber.•Stronger anti-inflammatory activity is exhibited by modified soluble dietary fiber.

Soluble dietary fiber is prepared by fermentation-synergized physical modification.

Modified soluble dietary fiber shows enhanced physicochemical characteristics.

Superior hypoglycemic activities are exhibited by modified soluble dietary fiber.

Stronger anti-inflammatory activity is exhibited by modified soluble dietary fiber.