# The diversity of viral community in Sogatella furcifera revealed by meta-transcriptomics

## TL;DR

This study used metagenomics to discover 11 new viruses in white-backed planthoppers, including a potential new genus of Sobelivirales virus, which could help improve pest management strategies.

## Contribution

The discovery of a novel Sobelivirales virus and its complete genome sequence adds to the understanding of viral diversity in agricultural pests.

## Key findings

- Eleven novel viruses from seven families were identified in white-backed planthoppers.
- A previously unknown Sobelivirales virus was found in eight of the southern Chinese sites.
- Small RNA sequencing confirmed viral replication in the planthoppers.

## Abstract

Metagenomic analyses has significantly advanced our understanding of viral evolution and their functions within organismal biology. In particular, exploring the virome of agricultural pests like the white-backed planthopper (WBPH) is essential for understanding their role as potential virus vectors and developing effective pest management strategies.

To explore viral diversity, we collected white-backed planthoppers (WBPHs) from nine sites spanning four Chinese provinces (Liaoning, Fujian, Guangxi, and Yunnan) and performed metagenomic sequencing.

Our analysis identified 11 novel viruses belonging to 7 viral families, encompassing positive-sense single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA), negative-sense single-stranded RNA (-ssRNA), and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses. Remarkably, eight of the southern Chinese sites, excluding one in Liaoning province, contained a previously undiscovered Sobelivirales virus. Using rapid-amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), we determined the complete genome sequence of this novel Sobelivirales virus. Subsequent analyses of its encoded proteins, potential structural domains, and phylogenetic relationships suggested that it may belong to a new genus within the Sobelivirales. Small RNA sequencing confirmed viral replication in WBPH by revealing that virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) were primarily 21 and 22 nucleotides long.

Our results have important implications for understanding virus carriage in WBPHs, evaluating their role as virus vectors, and informing the development of improved pest management strategies. Furthermore, this study highlights the power of metagenomics in uncovering novel viruses and expanding our knowledge of viral diversity.