# Case Report: α-amanitin toxicosis leading to acute death in a puppy

## TL;DR

A puppy died rapidly after ingesting mushrooms containing α-amanitin, showing severe symptoms like vomiting, hypoglycemia, and organ failure.

## Contribution

This case report adds to the limited veterinary literature on α-amanitin toxicity in pediatric patients and highlights the need for rapid diagnosis.

## Key findings

- α-amanitin was confirmed in the puppy's liver tissue via post-mortem analysis.
- The puppy exhibited non-classical symptoms including rapid hypoglycemia and multi-organ failure.
- Post-mortem analysis revealed extensive necrosis in the liver, kidneys, and brain.

## Abstract

A 12-week-old, male intact, Shetland Sheepdog presented with acute onset vomiting and diarrhea, rapidly progressing to stupor and hypoglycemic shock following ingestion of α-amanitin-containing mushrooms. Despite aggressive therapeutic interventions, the patient exhibited rapid systemic deterioration characterized by recurrent hypoglycemia, hypotension, and multi-organ failure, leading to cardiopulmonary arrest within 22 h of presentation. Definitive diagnosis was unable to be elucidated prior to death, leading to an untailored treatment plan. Post-mortem analysis confirmed extensive necrosis of the liver, kidneys, and brain. Presence of α-amanitin was confirmed in the hepatic tissue via post-mortem liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Serum collected at presentation was submitted post-mortem for an insulin level which was found to be discordantly elevated, which may demonstrate an alternative mechanism of hypoglycemia in this case. This case highlights the rapidly lethal potential of α-amanitin in pediatric patients and the non-classical case presentation. This report contributes to the limited veterinary literature on this toxin in pediatric patients and underscores the need for heightened awareness and rapid diagnosis and treatment in suspected cases.