A Next-Generation Human Lymphatic Filariasis Vaccine Candidate, rBmHAXT, for Clinical Development

TL;DR

Researchers developed a new vaccine candidate for lymphatic filariasis that is stable and effective, suitable for large-scale production and clinical trials.

Contribution

A novel vaccine variant, delta-Cys rBmHAXT, was created with improved stability and reduced aggregation for industrial-scale manufacturing.

Findings

The delta-Cys variant retained immunogenicity and vaccine efficacy similar to the original rBmHAXT protein.

The delta-Cys variant was stable at 25°C for six weeks, making it suitable for cGMP manufacturing.

All vaccine preparations remained stable at 4°C, with the delta-Cys variant showing reduced aggregation.

Abstract

This study was conducted to yield a robust and scalable manufacturing process for a candidate vaccine for human lymphatic filariasis (LF) - a tropical parasitic infection transmitted by mosquitoes. In previous studies, we demonstrated that removing an affinity purification tag from the fusion protein did not affect immunogenicity or vaccine efficacy. During scaled-up production of rBmHAXT, we noticed that significant amounts of the antigen aggregated, resulting in the loss of purified vaccine antigens. Thus, this project aimed to create new rBmHAXT forms more suitable for industrial-scale production while maintaining robust protection. We generated three different variants: one with all the cysteinyl residues mutated to serinyl residues (delta-Cys), a second one with a flexible glycine-serine linker inserted between each of the component antigens (GS), and finally, a third variant with a combination of both the cysteine deletion and the addition of linkers (delta-Cys GS). We then evaluated the immunogenicity and efficacy of each variant in a mouse model. We demonstrated that the delta-Cys mutant retained immunogenicity and vaccine efficacy similar to the parent tag-free rBmHAXT protein. We also evaluated the proteins in an accelerated stability study at five (5) different temperatures (−80°C, −20°C, 4°C, 25°C, and 40°C). We concluded that all preparations were stable at 4°C, and the delta-Cys variant was stable even at 25°C up to the completion of the study (6 weeks). In addition to improved stability, the delta-Cys protein exhibited reduced aggregation and equivalent potency in mice and, therefore, is an optimal candidate for progression to cGMP manufacturing and human clinical trials as a vaccine for lymphatic filariasis.

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