# Resolution of subdural hemorrhage following interventional treatment of superior vena cava occlusion in a hemodialysis patient: a case report

## TL;DR

A hemodialysis patient developed severe complications from a blocked vein, but they improved after a procedure to open the vein.

## Contribution

This case suggests a link between vein blockage and brain bleeding in hemodialysis patients.

## Key findings

- Interventional treatment resolved both SVCS and SDH in a hemodialysis patient.
- Venous congestion from SVC obstruction may contribute to SDH development.
- Timely intervention can prevent neurological complications in such patients.

## Abstract

Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) and nontraumatic subdural hemorrhage (SDH) were rare but severe complications in hemodialysis patients. This case report presented a 73-year-old male with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on long-term hemodialysis who developed SVCS due to central venous occlusion, subsequently complicated by SDH. After interventional treatment of SVCS with balloon angioplasty and stent placement in the left brachiocephalic vein and SVC, both the SVCS and SDH were resolved. This case gave hint to the pathophysiological connection between venous congestion and SDH, as the obstruction of the SVC led to increased intracranial venous pressure, contributing to SDH. Additionally, anticoagulation and dialysis-induced hemodynamic fluctuations may exacerbate the condition. This report highlights the need for timely intervention to relieve venous congestion in SVCS, which not only restores vascular access but also prevents severe neurological complications like SDH in hemodialysis patients.