Evaluation of Peptide-Based Vaccines Against Group A Streptococcus in Staphylococcus aureus-Infected Mice
Ahmed O. Shalash, Haolan Sun, Yiru Cui, Jingwen Wang, Barb Arnts, Jannah Bauer, Waleed M. Hussein, Zeinab G. Khalil, Mariusz Skwarczynski, Istvan Toth
TL;DR
This study evaluates peptide-based vaccines against Group A Streptococcus in mice infected with Staphylococcus aureus, showing some vaccines are effective even with co-infection.
Contribution
The study is the first to suggest at least two B-cell epitopes within the J8i peptide and evaluates vaccines under co-infection conditions.
Findings
J8-based vaccines showed strong GAS-specific antibody responses without S. aureus interference.
PADRE–J8 conjugates enhanced antibody magnitude and opsonic bactericidal responses against both standard and mutant GAS strains.
NTD and CTD2 antisera demonstrated protective opsonic activity, indicating vaccine potential.
Abstract
Background: Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a major human pathogen associated with serious diseases. Evaluating immune responses against GAS vaccines—immunogenicity, quality, and efficacy—is complicated by interference from co-infections, like Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). We aimed to evaluate peptide-based GAS vaccines in mice for antisera efficacy against standard and mutant GAS strains and to assess immunological methods under co-infection conditions. Methods: Female C57BL/6 mice were infected with S. aureus and immunized with various M-protein-derived peptide antigens: J8, J8i, J8i-J8i, and the native p145 sequence. Two novel, conserved M-protein-derived antigens (NTD and CTD2) were also evaluated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to assess immunogenicity and GAS-specific antibody responses. Peptide antigens were either conjugated to or physically mixed with…
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Taxonomy
TopicsStreptococcal Infections and Treatments · Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus · Neonatal and Maternal Infections