# Magnetocaloric Effect of Gd1-xDyxScO3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 1) Polycrystalline Compounds

## TL;DR

This study explores how substituting Gd with Dy in GdScO3 affects its magnetic and cooling properties, finding that the compound Gd0.9Dy0.1ScO3 has the strongest cooling effect.

## Contribution

The paper reports a significant enhancement in magnetocaloric effect in Gd0.9Dy0.1ScO3 compared to pure GdScO3 and DyScO3.

## Key findings

- Doping with Dy3+ weakens long-range antiferromagnetic order in GdScO3.
- Gd0.9Dy0.1ScO3 shows a maximal magnetic entropy change of 36.03 J/kg K, higher than GdScO3 and DyScO3.
- The compounds with x = 0.1 and x = 0.2 follow the 3D-Heisenberg model.

## Abstract

This study systematically investigates the magnetic ordering and magnetocaloric properties of a series of polycrystalline compounds, Gd1-xDyxScO3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 1). X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms that all samples exhibit an orthorhombic perovskite structure with a space group of Pbnm. The zero-field cooling and field cooling magnetization curves demonstrate a transition from antiferromagnetic to paramagnetic phases, with Néel temperatures of about 3 K for GdScO3 and 4 K for DyScO3. The doping of Dy3+ weakened long-range antiferromagnetic order and enhanced short-range magnetic disorder in GdScO3, leading to vanished antiferromagnetic transition between 2 and 100 K for the sample of x = 0.2. Using the Arrott–Noakes equation, we constructed Arrott plots to analyze the system’s critical behavior. Both the compounds with x = 0.1 and x = 0.2 conform to the 3D-Heisenberg model. These results indicate the weakened long-range antiferromagnetic order induced by Dy3+ doping. Significant maximal magnetic entropy change (−ΔSMMax) of 36.03 J/kg K at 3 K for the sample Gd0.9Dy0.1ScO3 is achieved as the magnetic field changes from 0 to 50 kOe, which is higher than that of GdScO3 (−ΔSMMax = 34.32 J/kg K) and DyScO3 (−ΔSMMax = 15.63 J/kg K). The considerable magnetocaloric effects (MCEs) suggest that these compounds can be used in the development of low-temperature magnetic refrigeration materials.