# Flexible Deep-Brain Probe for High-Fidelity Multi-Scale Recording of Epileptic Network Dynamics

## TL;DR

A new flexible brain probe captures detailed neural activity during seizures, revealing how different brain regions contribute to epilepsy.

## Contribution

A high-density, flexible deep-brain probe enables simultaneous high-fidelity multi-scale recordings of epileptic network dynamics.

## Key findings

- CA3 is key for seizure onset while CA1 is crucial for propagation in a PTZ-induced epilepsy model.
- AP-HFO coupling analysis reveals neuronal heterogeneity in epileptic networks.
- Flexible probes offer high-resolution insights into spatiotemporal dynamics of HFOs and APs.

## Abstract

Epilepsy is a complex neurological disorder characterized by abnormal neural synchronization and interactions between local foci and global brain networks during seizures. Understanding seizure mechanisms across multiple scales is essential for advancing our understanding of epileptic network dynamics and guiding personalized treatment strategies. However, neural recording technologies are limited by insufficient spatial resolution, signal fidelity, and the inability to simultaneously capture network- and cellular-level dynamics. To address these limitations, we developed a high-density, flexible deep-brain probe with excellent mechanical compliance and wideband recording capabilities, enabling high-fidelity recordings of high-frequency oscillations (HFOs, 80–500 Hz) and action potentials (APs). Using a pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced epilepsy model, we identified distinct spatiotemporal dynamics of HFOs and APs across epileptic stages, indicating that CA3 plays a key role in seizure onset, while CA1 is crucial for propagation. AP-HFO coupling analysis further uncovered neuronal heterogeneity, offering insights into the diverse roles of neurons in epileptic networks. This study highlights the potential of a flexible deep-brain probe for advancing epilepsy research and guiding personalized therapeutic interventions.