# Informative Wavelength Selection for Evaluation of Bacterial Spoilage in Raw Salmon (Salmo salar) Fillet Using FT-NIR Spectroscopy

## TL;DR

This study shows how FT-NIR spectroscopy can detect bacterial spoilage in raw salmon fillets without damaging them, using specific wavelengths for accurate results.

## Contribution

The study introduces a novel, nondestructive method using FT-NIR spectroscopy and specific wavelengths to detect bacterial spoilage in raw salmon.

## Key findings

- FT-NIR spectroscopy achieved high correlation (0.97) in detecting bacterial spoilage in salmon fillets.
- Seven informative wavelengths were identified for bacterial count assessment.
- The method is cost-effective and feasible for improving fishery product safety.

## Abstract

This study highlights the potential of Fourier-transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy for the on-site, nondestructive detection of spoilage caused by bacterial action in raw salmon (Salmo salar) fillets. A stepwise multiple linear regression model with first-derivative spectrum transformation was combined with the standard normal variate and detrend preprocessing techniques. The model achieved correlation values of 0.97 in both the calibration and validation sample sets, with root mean square error values of 0.18 and 0.20 log CFU/mL, respectively. These accurate results reveal the precision of FT-NIR spectroscopy for assessing the spoilage caused by bacteria. The most informative wavelengths (885.27 nm, 1026.27 nm, 1039.93 nm, 1068.38 nm, 1257.55 nm, 1267.75 nm, and 1453.49 nm) related to the total bacterial count’s identification were obtained. The innovative, cost-effective, and feasible approach outlined in this article is a promising methodology for enhancing the safety and quality standards of various fishery products.