# Study of MicroRNA-192 as an Early Biomarker for Diagnosis of Diabetic Nephropathy

## TL;DR

This study shows that MicroRNA-192 levels in blood can help detect diabetic nephropathy early, offering a noninvasive diagnostic tool.

## Contribution

The study identifies MicroRNA-192 as a potential early biomarker for diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes patients.

## Key findings

- MicroRNA-192 levels were significantly higher in diabetic patients without nephropathy compared to those with nephropathy and healthy controls.
- Patients with diabetic nephropathy had significantly lower MicroRNA-192 levels than healthy individuals.
- The results suggest a possible protective role of MicroRNA-192 in early stages of diabetic nephropathy.

## Abstract

Background/Objectives: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus. This clinical condition is diagnosed through the detection of microalbuminuria. Molecular biomarkers such as MicroRNA-192 may play a role in the early diagnosis of this condition. This study aims to compare the serum concentrations of MicroRNA-192 in diabetic patients with and without DN and in healthy individuals. Methods: This study was a retrospective case-control study that included three groups. Group I included diabetic patients without DN, Group II included patients with DN, and Group III included healthy control subjects. Blood samples were obtained from each participant and subjected to a full biochemical study including creatinine, albumin, and the detection of MicroRNA-192 by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: There were significant differences among the MicroRNA-192 levels in the three groups (p-0.001). There was a significant increase in the MicroRNA-192 level in Group I (1.35 ± 7 0.5) compared with Group II (0.65 ± 7 0.2, p3 = 0.001) and Group III (0.83 ± 7 0.3, p1-0.001). There was a significant reduction in the MicroRNA-192 level in Group II compared with Group III (p2-0.001). Conclusions: This study highlights the potential role of serum miR-192 as a noninvasive biomarker for the early detection of DN in patients with type 2 DM. Our findings demonstrated that serum miR-192 levels were significantly reduced in patients with DN compared with diabetic patients without nephropathy and healthy controls, suggesting the possible protective role of miR-192 in early disease stages.