Incidental Discovery of a Urethral Leiomyoma: A Rare Case of an Asymptomatic Benign Tumor With Successful Surgical Management

TL;DR

A rare case of a benign urethral tumor was successfully treated with surgery after being discovered by chance.

Contribution

This case report highlights the successful surgical management of an asymptomatic urethral leiomyoma.

Findings

Urethral leiomyoma was diagnosed via MRI and confirmed by surgical excision.

The patient had a successful recovery with no recurrence risk after complete tumor removal.

Abstract

Urethral leiomyomas are uncommon benign tumors arising from urethral smooth muscle. These tumors predominantly occur in women of reproductive age and are frequently asymptomatic or incidentally detected. We present the case of a 33-year-old woman with a small, symptomless mass near the urethral meatus. MRI identified a 1.7 × 1.4 cm lesion in the distal urethra, and subsequent cystoscopy-guided surgical excision confirmed the diagnosis of urethral leiomyoma. The patient recovered well postoperatively, and histopathological examination verified complete tumor removal. Given the low recurrence risk after excision, surgical resection remains the treatment of choice. This case emphasizes the importance of including urethral leiomyoma in the differential diagnosis of urethral masses and demonstrates the utility of MRI and surgical intervention in effective management.

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