# Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Uterus and Not the Cervix—A Case Report and Literature Review

## TL;DR

This paper reports a rare case of uterine squamous cell cancer in a postmenopausal woman with a history of HIV and anal cancer.

## Contribution

The novelty lies in presenting a unique case of primary endometrial squamous cell carcinoma with detailed clinical and treatment insights.

## Key findings

- The patient was diagnosed with Stage IB PESCC despite a history of anal cancer and prior pelvic radiation.
- The case highlights diagnostic challenges and the role of tumor board in determining treatment.
- The report includes a literature review to contextualize this rare condition.

## Abstract

Primary endometrial squamous cell carcinoma (PESCC) is a rare pathology. Data regarding diagnosis and treatment is limited and is solely based on case reports and series. We report a unique case of a postmenopausal woman with a history of HIV and anal cancer s/p radiation therapy 8 years prior. The patient's presenting diagnosis was malodorous vaginal discharge refractory to antibiotics. The patient had a significant delay in diagnosis since the onset of symptoms despite extensive workup but eventually underwent surgical staging by gynecologic oncology with a diagnosis of Stage IB PESCC. Despite her reported history of anal cancer for which she received an incomplete course of pelvic radiation, the case was discussed at tumor board and the patient was deemed a candidate for external beam radiation therapy. In our report, we discuss, in detail, the patient's presentation, course, and treatment and review the literature.