# Quantum-classical deep learning hybrid architecture with graphene-printed low-cost capacitive sensor for essential tremor detection

**Authors:** Javier Villalba-Díez, Ana González-Marcos

PMC · DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-06359-1 · Scientific Reports · 2025-06-20

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a low-cost system using graphene sensors and quantum-inspired algorithms to detect essential tremor more effectively.

## Contribution

The novel integration of graphene-printed sensors with quantum-inspired algorithms for tremor detection is presented.

## Key findings

- Graphene-printed sensors offer cost-effective and precise tremor data acquisition.
- Quantum-inspired filters improve deep learning model stability in tremor pattern analysis.
- Initial results show promise but require validation on larger clinical datasets.

## Abstract

This study presents a novel hardware and software architecture combining capacitive sensors, quantum-inspired algorithms, and deep learning applied to the detection of Essential Tremor. At the core of this architecture are graphene-printed capacitive sensors, which provide a cost-effective and efficient solution for tremor data acquisition. These sensors, known for their flexibility and precision, are specifically calibrated to monitor tremor movements across various fingers. A distinctive feature of this study is the incorporation of quantum-inspired computational filters—namely, Quantvolution and QuantClass—into the deep learning framework. This integration offers improved processing capabilities, facilitating a more nuanced analysis of tremor patterns. Initial findings indicate greater stability in loss variability; however, further research is necessary to confirm these effects across broader datasets and clinical environments. The approach highlights a promising application of quantum-inspired methods within healthcare diagnostics.

## Linked entities

- **Diseases:** Essential Tremor (MONDO:0003233)

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** Essential Tremor (MESH:D020329), tremor (MESH:D014202)
- **Chemicals:** graphene (MESH:D006108)

## Full text

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## Figures

10 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12181389/full.md

## References

2 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12181389/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12181389