# A novel model describing blood pressure profiles

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a new model to track and visualize blood pressure patterns over time, highlighting individual differences in circadian rhythms.

## Contribution

The novel model uses exponential formulas and non-linear regression to analyze blood pressure variability across individuals.

## Key findings

- All six subjects exhibited a consistent circadian blood pressure pattern over 14 days.
- The model successfully predicted lower nighttime blood pressure compared to daytime measurements.
- Individual differences in blood pressure levels, fluctuations, and sleep times were observed.

## Abstract

Blood pressure follows a circadian rhythm and is influenced by various factors. Blood pressure rises in the morning and decreases at night. It is known that deviations from this pattern are associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. Therefore, it is important to analyze blood pressure profiles and blood pressure variability.

A blood pressure model was developed based on data from cuffless blood pressure measurements of six healthy volunteers over a 14-day period. Exponential formulas were applied for the description of blood pressure curves (systolic and diastolic), which were used for a non-linear regression model in R.

All six subjects showed a circadian pattern in systolic and diastolic blood pressure over a 14-day period. Both the measured values and the predicted values show that each subject's blood pressure was lower at night than during the day. Differences emerged in the level of blood pressure, the fluctuation, and the sleep times, which revealed individual characteristics in the daily blood pressure curves.

This novel blood pressure model can be used to visualize blood pressure profiles for several days and enables the assessment of the intra- and inter-individual variability of blood pressure.