Platelet-rich plasma does not influence magnetic resonance imaging findings of the gluteus muscles after total hip arthroplasty through the Hardinge approach

TL;DR

This study found that platelet-rich plasma injections did not improve gluteal muscle healing after hip surgery, as seen on MRI scans.

Contribution

Demonstrates that platelet-rich plasma does not enhance postoperative gluteal muscle healing after total hip arthroplasty.

Findings

Fatty atrophy of the gluteal muscles was observed in all patients at 3 and 12 months post-surgery.

No significant differences in MRI findings were found between the platelet-rich plasma and placebo groups.

Fluid collections and heterotopic ossification were common postoperative findings but not influenced by the treatment.

Abstract

Total hip arthroplasty through the Hardinge approach damages the hip abductor muscles. MRI can be used to assess adverse postoperative events. In this prospective randomized controlled trial, we evaluated MRI findings and whether platelet-rich plasma affected postoperative healing of the gluteal muscles (gluteus medius and minimus).

Forty patients with hip osteoarthritis requiring treatment with total hip arthroplasty, aged between 60 and 76 years, were included. Patients were randomized into two groups: 19 patients in the platelet-rich plasma group and 21 in the placebo group. Platelet-rich plasma or placebo was injected into the gluteus medius tendon incision line during closure. Postoperative hip MRI and plain radiographs were taken 3 and 12 months after surgery.

MRI showed fatty atrophy of the gluteal muscles in all 40 patients (100%), gluteal muscle tear in 11 patients (28%), and atrophy in 16 patients (40%) at both 3 and 12 months postoperatively. Fluid collections related to the operated hip joint were seen in 18 patients (45%) at 3 months and 13 patients (33%) at 12 months, heterotopic ossification formation in nine patients (23%) at 3 months, and 12 patients (31%) at 12 months. There were no significant differences in imaging findings between the two groups.

MRI can be a valuable tool for evaluating postoperative healing after total hip arthroplasty. Fatty atrophy of the gluteal muscles was a common finding. Platelet-rich plasma injection into the gluteus medius tendon did not improve healing detected by MRI.

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